What is your personal brand?

April 23, 2009

Me 2.0

Book review
Me 2.0: Build a powerful brand to achieve career success
Dan Schwabel
Kaplan Publishing, 2009. 236 pp.

This book aims to help readers manage their careers in the Web 2.0 world and to use emerging media to achieve their goals.

A personal branding expert, Dan Schwabel helps his fellow Generation Y professionals find their way into the world of work through his Personal Branding blog and Personal Branding Magazine.

Schwabel corrects the misconception that personal branding means changing who you are to fit others’ expectations. While image management is typically a product of conscious manipulation, he says, personal branding is about sincerity.

In a world where technology is changing the way we manage our careers, express our value, and communicate with one another, successful personal branding will “grant you real meaning and opportunities for success in your life” if you embrace your passion in the workplace and socially.

How did he do it? When he began his career there were maybe 5 blogs about personal branding, but no Gen Y bloggers were among them. He took the opportunity jump in and differentiate his own personal brand.

Once you’re in the workplace, he says, you will thrive not through ruthless competition with your co-workers, but by positioning yourself as a natural leader and by gaining visibility. Gen X and Gen Y can benefit from each other, he says. Gen X has real-world experience and corporate seniority, while Gen Y has a level of technical savvy that can benefit their older colleagues.


Rubel’s ‘Five Digital Trends’ worth a careful read

February 23, 2009

Journalists and consumers are tuning out marketing and using Google as a big open book.

Steve Rubel of Edelman Digital observes that marketers have largely focused on reaching stakeholders through ‘push’ media — paid and earned media. But now that Google dominates, it’s equally important for communicators focus on ‘digital discoverability.’  Organizations and communicators must create content that people will “pull” through search engines and social networks.

In his white paper “Five Digital Trends to Watch for In 2009,” Rubel says the greatest reward will go to those who create dynamic content at a regular frequency that is discussed, remixed, and linked to by other high-quality sources online.

Organizations should build relationships with their publics by creating what Rubel calls ‘digital embassies’ and ‘digital ambassadors.’ As people spend time inside social networks, organizations must go where the people are to build relationships. But before jumping into social media, understand where your stakeholders spend time and what they do there.

Today all media is social, and all social is media, Rubel says. It used to be that journalists were on one side, bloggers on the other. No more.  Yet many, particularly in PR, still treat ordinary citizens, traditional journalism, and branded content as distinct islands of media. It’s best to see them as a contiguous archipelago connected by a bridge called Google.

With the increasing popularity of sites that aggregate content, there’s tremendous value in serving as a digital curator of quality content, just as there’s a role for museum curators who separate “art” from “junk.”

Google is much more than a search engine, Rubel says:  It’s also media. Every day people make business and life decisions based on what they find on Google. This includes consumers and journalists as well.  As a result, communicators should prioritize media targets based on their ability to influence Google search results, rather than just reach.

Many corporate blogs focus too much on their products and services. According to Forrester Research, only 16% of online consumers who read corporate blogs say they trust them. Rubel says a better approach is to use blogs as a way to build communities that connect customers and corporate all-stars around shared passions.


Engage the empowered consumer

January 21, 2009

crowd surfing

Book Review
Crowd surfing: Surviving and thriving in the age of consumer empowerment.
Martin Thomas and David Brain.
London: A & C Black, 2008. 194 pp.

I noticed a stack of colorful postcards on the counter of a neighborhood liquor store. They advertised an online art gallery sponsored by Milwaukee, Wisconsin’s Pabst Blue Ribbon brewing company. The online gallery features paintings, sculpture, photography and poetry created by fans of the brand. The site also offers the usual content as well, including the history of the brand and a shop for apparel and headwear.

Welcome to the world of crowd surfing, where businesses (and politicians) bring the crowd into the brand and encourage them to co-create it.

On a less mundane level, newly inaugurated US President Obama used crowd surfing to great effect during his campaign. His team and his supporters all used online social networks and related technologies in a way that serves as a model for politicians and business alike.

A new generation of business and political leaders has learned how to harness the energy, ideas and enthusiasm of empowered consumers, say Crowd Surfing authors David Brain and Martin Thomas. These consumers are emboldened and enthused by a new spirit of enquiry and self-expression, and powered by the Internet.

Crowd Surfing presents a series of case studies showing how savvy business and political leaders realize that “giving their customers, partners, voters and employees a greater say in the way that their businesses operate is, paradoxically, the most effective way to ensure a degree of control over their corporate or political destiny.”

Co-author David Brain is European CEO of the global PR firm Edelman and has a 30 year history in PR, corporate communications and advertising. Martin Thomas heads Snapper Communications where he consults and trains and writes for a number of major brand owners and agencies.

“Whether buying a book, a holiday, or a new car, the opinions of our fellow consumers appear to carry as much, if not more, weight than those of the established order,” they write. And this empowered crowd of consumers and Web-enabled activists can sometimes force powerful corporations to reverse unpopular policies.

A fundamental principle of this book is that collaborative or participative forms of communication, which involve the crowd, are more engaging and therefore more effective.

As an example: The CEO of Canadian mining company Goldcorp flouted mining industry convention by posting the company’s proprietary geological data about its Red Lake mine on a web site. A prize of $575,000 was offered to anyone in the world with good ideas on how to fund six million ounces of gold. The submissions identified 110 drilling targets, half of which were new prospects, and from a final shortlist of five targets, four yielded gold.

The authors emphasize that many business leaders miss out by not taking such opportunities to speak directly to people interested in their businesses, and to listen to what they have to say (even the lunatics). They invite consumers and lunatics to visit the book’s accompanying blog.

“If you already think that customers and stakeholders are becoming troublesome, difficult, and intrusive, then you should probably quit the corporate world now,” they write, “because very few firms and organizations will be able to opt out in the future. Crowd surfing may be something that many in business and politics think is still merely an option, but this change on its own is probably enough to shatter that illusion.


Educommunicators name priorities for 2009

January 12, 2009

educommunicators

Patrick Riccards‘  poll of education communicators shows that they would like the Educommunicators organization in 2009 to spotlight communications best practices (67.1%) and discuss ways to use new media (64.6%). Responding members said the best medium for Educommunicators to engage marketing communications professionals is, by far, still email (60%).

Major challenges facing education communicators include using new technologies in a strategic way (62.4%), thinking long-term and staying on a strategic course (43.9%), and maintaining conversations with stakeholders (41.5%).

Respondents’ communications areas of expertise were media relations (59.5%), community relations (50.6%), marketing (44.3%), public affairs (38%) and research (38%).

They said the most important tools for effective communications were the right message (43.8%) and a strong network of contacts (26.3%).

Read more survey results at Educommunicators


Social media marketing challenges traditional practices

December 30, 2008

social media cocktail party

Book Review
Social Media is a Cocktail Party:
Why You Already Know the Rules of Social Media Marketing.
By Jim Tobin with Lisa Braziel
Ignite Social Media,  2008. 179 pages.

If you’re a marketer or a CEO and you think social media is dumb, or a waste of time, or a bunch of amateurs, please know this: Sometimes you’re right. Often you’re wrong.

Jim Tobin acknowledges that crowdsourcing, the wisdom of crowds, and the democratization of content creation often leads to junk. But it also produces some jewels.

Tobin is a veteran of advertising, public relations, and digital marketing, and directs Ignite Social Media. His coauthor and collaborator Lisa Braziel develops social media strategies for Fortune 1000 brands. They call social media the largest, best, most accurate market segmentation tool ever invented. “Whatever you sell, from cars to cancer drugs, consulting services to machines,” they write, “there are groups out there talking online about your category.”

Adopting social media marketing, Tobin says, means un-learning the idea that customers are “targets” to be seized. In social media marketing customers become your partners and potential advocates. Get to know and appreciate those people who love their Macintoshes, their Chicken McNuggets, their video games, their TiVo, and who talk about them in their blogs and podcasts and online social networks.

They’re creating a gold mine for marketers. Listen to consumer-generated conversations across the Internet as potential purchasers dig deep into user-generated product reviews, feature lists, comparison prices, rave reviews, and cautionary tales. Find those conversations, monitor them, and participate in them on their terms.

If you listen to the conversation long enough, Tobin says, you’ll find that there are not, in fact, an infinite number of issues. Rather, you’ll find a reasonably long but finite list of issues that your prospects and customers care about.

While Tobin and Braziel are social media evangelists, they do caution that marketing in social media isn’t for everyone. It’s important to evaluate your company first. Is your company ready for transparency? For authenticity? Are you ready to lose control of your brand a bit?

If so, then it’s time to start planning. A community analysis plan begins by examining the search landscape and the social media landscape. Then a community engagement plan outlines the primary goals of your social media campaign and what you know about the primary audience.

Tobin and Braziel also pointedly discuss what ‘viral’ marketing is and is not; why Second Life will never work for marketers, and how Dell uses social media for product development.


Social media turning marketing on its head

December 26, 2008

secrets of social media marketing

Book Review
Secrets of social media marketing:
How to Use Online Conversations and Customer Communities to Turbo-Charge Your Business.
By Paul Gillin.
Quill Driver Books, 2009. 290 pp.

Not that long ago, public relations professional typically scanned three or four newspapers every morning. Today, that routine has been replaced by a network of search engines, RSS feeds, and paid monitoring services.

Welcome to the new world of influencer marketing, says Paul Gillin.
Gillin’s 2007 book The New Influencers documented the effects of ‘citizen publishers’ on markets and on companies. Social networks were only beginning to gain traction then, but today their members number in the hundreds of millions. Thus this book.

Gillin writes as traditional broadcast (and print) channels produce poorer returns for marketers as mainstream media fades in importance. He points to Barack Obama’s campaign as an example of decreased reliance on 30-second TV ads. Instead, the campaign narrowcast his messages through every conceivable electronic medium, every waking hour.

When marketers talk about social media applications, Gillin says, they typically start with the tool and then work backwards. As an example, a manager issues an order to start blogging! But this method is all wrong, Gillin says. The choice of social media tools is no more relevant to a campaign’s success than is the choice of paint to a house’s structural integrity.

Why should a company care? Because customers are publishing their opinions of companies and products. Customers take their problems directly to the Web, whether through consumer advocacy sites like Consumerist.com, RipOffReport.com, My3Cents.com, ConsumerAffirs.com, and PlanetFeedback.com. Or they publish on their own blogs and social networks.

Gillin says failure to listen will only be taken as evidence that the company doesn’t care. On the other hand, repeating the message back to the source and delivering a well-reasoned response can go miles toward demonstrating concern. For example, the Southwest Airlines blog Nuts About Southwest has won awards and frequently been cited as a shining example of how businesses can use new media to create meaningful dialogue with their customers.

Chapter 7 describes the opportunities and limitations of advertising in social networks, including MySpace, Facebook, LinkedIn, and YouTube. Companies should monitor the conversations taking place there. Conversation monitoring has caught fire in the last couple of years, Gillin says. He cites an early 2008 survey showing that top-performing companies were nearly seven times as likely as poor performers to use social media monitoring tools to predict customer behavior. Nearly two-thirds of the top performers had formal monitoring programs in place and 42 percent were actively listening to detect early warning of threats to their brands.

But be circumspect. Before you start to use social media channels at all, you need to decide if that’s a good idea in the first place, Gillin cautions. For some businesses, it isn’t. Not everyone is online-savvy. Large swaths of the population barely even know how to conduct a Google search, much less join a Facebook group. Your social media efforts will probably miss this audience entirely, which means that if those are the people you’re seeking, you’ll be wasting your time.

Social media marketing demands a different approach to customer interactions. Engagement is in, interruption is out. The first thing you need to do is stop pitching, Gillin says. The new style of marketing is about engagement. That means throwing out the elevator pitch and the 30-second spot. It means forming a relationship with a prospect through the exchange of useful, meaningful information. It’s about forming relationships that lead to long-term repeat business as opposed to making a sale. Long-term relationships invariably par off better than one-off transactions.

In the past, Gillin says, business success was based on anticipating customers’ requirements and responding at just the right time. In the future, success will result from continuous innovation and outstanding customer service wrapped around a continuous feedback loop.


Developing a Web 2.0 business plan

December 16, 2008

web 2.0 strategy guide

Book Review
Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide.
By Amy Shuen.
O’Reilly, 2008. 243 pp.

This book explains how successful Web 2.0 companies do what they do.

Author Amy Shuen says the biggest challenge to a company’s success in this area is to convert from an engrained culture of competition to a culture of collaboration.

As a strategy researcher and an authority on Silicon Valley business models, Shuen speaks at industry conferences, venture capital events, and business school seminars. She offers this book to provide theory and practice behind the concepts of collective user value, capitalizing on social networks, and collaborative innovation.

Amazon.com provides an excellent model to follow, Shuen says. Amazon “integrates Web 2.0 approaches into every page of its bookselling site. It tests new possibilities constantly.”

Shuen says Amazon founder Jeff Bezos has creatively repositioned the company to play many different syndication roles. Amazon Associates syndicates its online store to the web sites of its affiliates. Affiliates provide specialized content and organize product listings for a specific audience or community. So thousands of non-employees act as a virtual sales force that gets paid only on a success-fee basis when a sale is realized.

What’s new about Web 2.0, she says, is that both businesses and individuals can make money by providing services to customers for free. How? Web 2.0 allows online users to interact, combine, remix, upload, change, and customize content for themselves. This online DIY self-expression benefits businesses and other users. For example, Flickr bases its photo sharing and storage site on a “freemium” business model. Flickr leverages collective user value, positive network effects, and community sharing. WordPress and Technorati are similar in that they have created tools that millions of users can play with for free. Oh, and by the way, they offer really cool premium features you can use for a small fee.

How did relative latecomer Google beat out its many search engine competitors? By figuring out how to monetize the long tail of the search market. In October 2000 Google introduced AdWords, which opened up online advertising for small and mid-size companies that had never done so. Shuen says Google’s direct positive network effects result from aggregating the “wisdom of the crowd” as measured by popularity and frequency of user-created links, site visits, and advertising click-throughs.

In the collaborative innovation model, Shuen says, the entire perspective of innovation changes. In the old days, companies competed in an industry to capture new and old markets using different kinds of innovative technologies. Now, big and small companies orchestrate collaboration, often across industry boundaries, in innovative ways. Consider Apple’s iPod. Apple conceives, designs, and oversees the innovation and creativity of many external suppliers, creators, affiliates, and partners to support an innovative product and service.

Shuen’s “big three big takeaways” for developing a Web 2.0 business plan:
Online network effects are a powerful multiplying force.
A few active uploaders can create online critical mass and community.
Viral distribution and cooperative advantage can build eco-systems rapidly.


Citizen Marketers

December 15, 2008

citizen marketers
Book Review
Citizen Marketers: When People are the Message.
Ben McConnell & Jackie Huba.
Kaplan Publishing, 2007. 223 pages.
Citizenmarketers.com

Mike Kaltschnee has been blogging at HackingNetflix since November 2004. Each day, he composes three to five posts about the company’s DVD-by-mail subscription business. Some 7,000 readers follow along daily.

He is one of many citizen marketers Ben McConnell & Jackie Huba portray who, collectively, affect the culture of business.

Citizen marketers are advocates who use relatively easy and inexpensive tools to create online content and to provide “unaffiliated, uncompensated work on behalf of a product, brand, company, or person.” Other examples include Dennis Lloyd, a civil draftsman, who started iPodLounge.com in 2001, and Jim Romenesko who runs the hobby blog StarbucksGossip. Because they are not paid for their work, they retain credibility.

Citizen marketers can be any age, but most are young. Having grown up with TiVo, cell phones, and video games, millennials want to interact with culture. And more broadband access means more citizen content creators. Participation is the future of marketing. Given that, participation should be added to the well established four P’s of marketing (product, price, place, and promotion).

So what does this mean for business? Your customers can form communities of interest and lead conversations about your brands and products. The authors argue that you can only benefit from working with them: “Companies are bound to reduce their risk of failure by embracing the principles of democracy and participating in established democratized forums or creating their own.”

What is the risk of ignoring citizen marketers? One influential blogger can cause major headaches for a company he or she perceives as providing lousy customer service (it happened to Dell) or damaging the environment. One influential blogger can begin a process that topples a nationally known figure like Dan Rather.

These activists are a powerful minority. Based on the authors’ research into the work of citizen marketers, they postulate the 1% Rule: About 1 percent of the total number of visitors to a democratized forum (Wikipedia, for example) will create content for it or contribute content to it. These 1 Percenters are typically well educated, highly involved, and on the leading edges of technology.

McConnell and Huba says the key is to build a community with a stake in outcomes. A community can help your company design products or services they are more likely to buy. Just check out the Threadless T shirt company, where you can submit designs, rate them, and participate in challenges.


The Inbox

November 19, 2008

Being the mighty warrior that I am, I boast of my future victories in public, so that I may be forced to carry through with them. I hereby challenge myself to read and post reviews of these titles within one month:

Now Is Too Late2: Survival in an Era of Instant News. Gerald Baron. Edens Veil Media, 2006

Web 2.0: A Strategy Guide. Amy Shuen. O’Reilly, 2008

Citizen Marketers: When People are the Message. Ben McConnell & Jackie Huba. Kaplan Publishing, 2007


An encyclopedic podcasting book

June 23, 2008

podcasting book

How to do Everything with Podcasting.
Shel Holtz with Neville Hobson.
McGraw-Hill Osborne. 2007. 360 pp.

What can podcasting do for a business? That’s the wrong question to ask, say Shel Holtz and Neville Hobson. Like any communication tool, podcasting should be applied as a solution, not as a goal in and of itself. “Podcasting ought to come up in larger discussions about ways to reach audiences, to convey particular messages, or to address specific situations and problems,” they advise.

Hobson and Holtz are internationally known business communicators, bloggers, and consultants. I learned of their work through their podcast For Immediate Release. Friendly and engaging, For Immediate Release focuses on the latest communications technologies and social media.

How to Do Everything With Podcasting aims to “provide a resource to anybody engaged with podcasting, from casual listeners to independent podcasters to businesspeople looking for a new communication channel.”

Besides detailing all the technical aspects of podcasting, Hobson and Holtz preach the gospel of strategic planning. Thinking about producing a podcast? First, address the question: What outcomes are you trying to achieve? Would it serve as a marketing vehicle, or to supplement public relations and financial communications, or to enhance customer relations, or to enhance customer support? And how will you measure the success of your efforts?

The authors emphasize that perhaps the most important is the podcast’s social aspects. They encourage building a social network around your podcast, which is as important as the software and hardware you use.

They offer many examples of podcasting done well. Purina’s Animal Advice podcast, for example, provides information pet owners can use; it does not ‘sell product.’ Stanford University podcasts offer faculty lectures, interviews, music, and sports content. Target groups include students and alums. IBM’s The Future Of …. Podcast reaches investors and features interviews with engineers, product managers, and others in the trenches—not with PR or marketing staff.

Getting people to listen is step one, the authors say. Providing content that people will listen to because it is interesting, valuable, or entertaining is step two. Step three is making sure the way you present the content reflects the value you would bring to your listeners should they shift their business from a bigger business to your business.